The book covered: Ascent to Felicity translated by Faraz A. Khan, written originally by Abu ‘I-Iklas al-Shurunbulali titled Maraaqi ‘l-Sa’aa
Dry Ablution (Tayammum)
Tayammum becomes permissible when a valid excuse is present such as:
- Being roughly one Hashimite legal mile away from water [1.16 miles or 1.86 km]
- Extreme cold, may it be the water or weather or both
- Sickness (with reasonable likelihood)
- Wounds on most of the body
- Fear of thirst (at present or in the future, for oneself, partner, or even animal)
- Fear of an enemy or wild beast near the water source (Note: If the threat itself is present or if fear arose, prayer must be repeated, if it is not, repeating is not necessary.
- Lack of apparatus to take the water out of the well
- Fear of missing the funeral or E’id prayer
Note: If someone forgets they have water in the caravan then remembers or finds it later on, they do not have to repeat prayers performed with Tayammum with the intention of performance through the fear of the lack of water.
Tayammum may be performed with any pure substance of the earth (so long as it is not malleable and cannot be burnt into ashes) such as dirt, sand, kuhl, limestone, stones, dust.
Important to Note: If unable to find any substance and perform any purifying act, it is mandatory to perform an imitation prayer, as in to go through the motions. This involves also whatever limbs or position in as well. Here in this state it would be without recitation of Qu’ran and the prayer would have to be made up later.
How to perform Tayammum:
- Strike the earth once with palms facing downwards and fingers spread
- Wipe the face completely with dirt
- Strike the earth a second time (wajib)
- Wipe the arms up to the elbows
In the state of Tayammum, it is permissible to pray across prayer times with the same purification, the state ends either whenever he would do something to nullify purification, or the excuse for tayammum concludes.